algae ANIMALS FUNGI Red algae SLIME MOLDS PROKARYOTES Glycogen Glycogen Amylose Paramylon Amylose Amylose
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منابع مشابه
Novel, starch-like polysaccharides are synthesized by an unbound form of granule-bound starch synthase in glycogen-accumulating mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
In vascular plants, mutations leading to a defect in debranching enzyme lead to the simultaneous synthesis of glycogen-like material and normal starch. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii comparable defects lead to the replacement of starch by phytoglycogen. Therefore, debranching was proposed to define a mandatory step for starch biosynthesis. We now report the characterization of small amounts of an...
متن کاملPathway of cytosolic starch synthesis in the model glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa.
The nature of the cytoplasmic pathway of starch biosynthesis was investigated in the model glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa. The storage polysaccharide granules are shown to be composed of both amylose and amylopectin fractions, with a chain length distribution and crystalline organization similar to those of green algae and land plant starch. A preliminary characterization of the starch pathway...
متن کاملStudies on carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes. 3. Yeast branching enzyme.
enzymes on oX-D-glucosyl phosphate also yields a branched polysaccharide, although Q-enzyme alone has no action on the glucoside. In the animal kingdom a related enzyme system may be partly responsible for glycogen synthesis. Muscle phosphorylase synthesizes amylose-type chains from OC-D-glucosyl phosphate and the concurrent action of this enzyme and an enzyme preparation (branching factor or s...
متن کاملAccumulation of high-molecular-weight amylose in Alzheimer's disease brains.
Although most of the glucose metabolized in the brain is taken up from the blood, glucose derived from glycogen stores is increasingly implicated in both normal brain function and injury repair. An impaired glucose metabolism is one of the features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) entailing a reduction in glucose transporters and the uptake of glucose as well as alterations in the specific activity ...
متن کاملCircadian clock regulation of starch metabolism establishes GBSSI as a major contributor to amylopectin synthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii displays a diurnal rhythm of starch content that peaks in the middle of the night phase if the algae are provided with acetate and CO(2) as a carbon source. We show that this rhythm is controlled by the circadian clock and is tightly correlated to ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity. Persistence of this rhythm depends on the presence of either soluble starch synthas...
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تاریخ انتشار 2007